மகாபாரதத்தில்
குமரிக்கோடு, மகேந்திரமலை, கவாடபுரம், மணலூர், (கீழடி), ஆலவாய், மதுரை பற்றிய குறிப்புகள்
Reference to Kavatapuram in Valmike Ramayana
"Pandya" "Dramind", "Manalur"
in the Mahabaratha
Page 7
Kumari was a great Thirtha resorted to by all. Sri Hanuman crossed over to Lanka from this Kumarikkodu main land and the partially submerged Mahendra Mountains, for the Mahendra Mountains were not like the other ranges high and lofty but were low and surrounded by the ocean Cf.
चित्रसानुनगः श्रीमान् महेन्द्रः पर्वतोत्तमः।
जातरूपमयः श्रीमान् अवगाडो महार्णवम्॥ Kishkinda Kanda Ch. 41 St. 21.
(Citrsanung ḥ shreemaan mahendr parvatottamah)
(gyaaraaroopamayah shreemaan aghagaado mahaarnavam.)
This was the Second Sangam Age. The events mentioned in the Ramayana occurred during this age. Cf. the reference to Kavatapuram in Sri Valmiki Ramayana (supra).
The Second Deluge.
Then there was yet another deluge. In this great deluge the famous Kavatapuram with its gates of gold and pearls and rubies got submerged in the ocean. Once more the Pandyas had to go further north and found a new capital. This time it was at Manalure. This was the city so constantly referred to in the Mahabaratha. References in the Mahabharata. The references to * Pandya" "Dramida", " Manalure" etc. in the following excerpts from the Mahabaratha are interesting.
समुद्र तीरेण शनैः मणलूरं जगामह । Adhi. 235–St. 20.
(samudr teere shanaih samudr teere shanaih)
दूतेन तरसा चोलं विजित्य द्रमिडेश्वरम् ।
ततोरत्नान्युपादाय पाण्ड्यस्यविषयं ययौ ॥Sabha 33-St. 20.
(dooten Tarācā cōḻaṉ vijitatrāmittaram)
(Ttortnanyupaday Pāṇyasyaviṣayaṁ yayau.)
पाण्ड्यं द्रमिडराजानं श्वशुर मलयध्वजम् ।
सदूतैस्तं वशेकृत्वा मणलूरेश्वरं तदा ॥Sabha 33-St. 29.
(Paandyan Dramiḍa rājānaṁ Śvaśuraṁ Malayadhvajam.)
(Sootasantan Vaśēkr̥tvā Maṇalūr ēśvaraṁ tada)
ताम्रपर्णीं ततो गत्वा कन्यातीर्थमतीत्य च ।
दक्षिणां च दिशं सवाँ विजित्य कुरुनन्दनः ॥ Sabha 32-St. 75.
(Taamraparnee Tatō gatva Kan'yātīrthamatīya ch.)
(dakshinaan ch dishan savau shijisy Kurunandanaḥ )
Page 8
सतं (अगस्त्यालय) प्रदक्षिणं कृत्वा मलयं भरतर्षभ।
लङ्घयित्वा तु माद्रेयः ताम्रपर्णीं नदीं शुभाम् ॥ Sabha 33–St. 31.
(sant (agastyaalay) pradakshinan krtva Malayan bharatarshabh.)
(langayitva maadreyah taamraparnee nardee shubhaam)
The Maritime Greatness of the Pandyas.
It should be noted that at this time of the Mahabharata period, the River Kanya Thirtham was resorted to by 'Madhreya’ and the river was crossed by him. Note these words अतीत्य च (aadity ch) in the above excerpt; and then he goes and conquers the country further south also- दक्षिणाञ्च दिशंगत्वा (dakshinaanch dishegatva ) etc., going further south after crossing the Kumari. This was the Third Sangam age. How long was their capital situate in Manalure it is difficult to say. But from the inscriptions so far deciphered it appears that the capital might have been changed from and rechanged to this place more than once. Or it may be quite possible there might have been more than one city of that name There is now a place called Manalure a few miles east of Madura, which is reputed to have been a Pandyan Capital. There is another Manalure near Tinnevelly, and which Sri. P. V. Jagadeesa Iyer states was the Pandyan Capital. But the references to Arjuna having reached Manalure समुद्रतीरेण शनैः (samudrateeren shanaih) make us doubt if there might not have been a sea-coast city by the name of Manalure. Moreover there are constant references to the city of "Alaivai" being the Pandyas' Capital. Or could Manalure and Alaivai" be one and the same city? Scholars think that the Pandyas had their capital sometimes at Uragapura the maritime city of Negapatam a flourishing city even during the time of the Mahabharata. The Pandyas were a maritime nation and there are many references quoted by scholars as to the maritime greatness of the Tamils.
i. In Sangam Literature they are often referred to as பெருந்ரோச்சுணர்.
ii. Their conveyances for trade or war in the seas were called நாவாய் (Navy)
அன்பன்
காசிசீர், முனைவர், நா.ரா.கி. காளைராசன்
(ஆனி 28 (12 சூன் 2018) வியாழக் கிழமை.)
http://thiruvilaiyadalpuranam.blogspot.com/2018/07/blog-post_12.html
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